In other words, how can emergency managers measure success for an event that theoretically hasn’t happened yet?

Posted: March 24th, 2022

Preparedness and protection are unique, compared to other mission areas, because success is very hard to measure. Please answer one of the following:
How can emergency managers measure success, when “success” in the areas of preparedness and protection is avoiding an event from happening? In other words, how can emergency managers measure success for an event that theoretically hasn’t happened yet?
How can we attribute a reduction in casualties and loss of property to preparedness and protection initiatives?