What is the difference between inclusion and full inclusion? How should teachers be prepared to work in schools that adhere to principles of inclusion and full inclusion given the various disability categories teachers must prepare for?

Posted: March 9th, 2022

From the book American Education (19th edition) by Joel Spring, read chapter 5 (from page 120) and the attached readings to answer the following questions: Please cite evidence from the readings to support your answer. 1. In Chapter 5, Spring (2018) discusses the NCES disability categories. Please address this question with these categories in mind. What is the difference between inclusion and full inclusion? How should teachers be prepared to work in schools that adhere to principles of inclusion and full inclusion given the various disability categories teachers must prepare for? 2. In Kilman’s (2010) article, the 1972 Title IX legislation sought to address gender issues, including those articulated by the National Organization of Women (NOW). Those included: (1) eliminating discriminatory quotas against women in college and professional schools; (2) urging parents, counselors, and teachers to encourage women to pursue higher education and professional education; (3) eliminating discriminatory practices against women in the awarding of fellowships and loans; and (4) investigating the problem of female school dropouts. In what ways are the issues similar to and different from 1972 to now? 3. Bell (2016) presents one teacher’s approach of addressing intersectionality: [T]he arc of Torres’ course begins with students examining their own identities…and closes with the ways in which they’ve exhibited bias against others….she equips her students with the skills to examine why they believe what they believe, why their beliefs might differ from others’ and to determine how their beliefs might be influenced by power and privilege. (p. 41) Question: As a future teacher, how will you “see” and support your students like Nicole (in the article) through an intersectional lens? What types of “tools” might help your students navigate multiple identities and identity-based systems of oppression and privilege? 4. According to Colker (2013), “racial disparities in disability classification have always plagued the special education system” (p. 24). What is she talking about? Do racial disparities lead to disparities in services? Why or why not? 5. According to Lee & Haegele (2016) “Physical education is the most likely, and sometimes only, environment where school-age children with disabilities [such as Autism Spectrum Disorder] participate in and learn about physical activity” (p. 28). What are the three challenging behavior causes and recommended strategies for teachers? In what ways is the article instructive for you?